Nigeria

Country Background

British influence and control over what would become Nigeria grew through the 19th century. A series of constitutions after World War II granted Nigeria greater autonomy; independence came in 1960. Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The government faces the daunting task of reforming a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the defusing longstanding ethnic and religious tensions are a priority if Nigeria is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability. Although the April 2003 elections were marred by some irregularities, Nigeria is currently experiencing its longest period of civilian rule since independence. General elections in April 2007 were considered significantly flawed by Nigerian and international observers but they marked the first civilian-to-civilian transfer of power in the country's history. President Umaru Musa YAR'ADUA took office on 29 May 2007.

Extract from:

The World Factbook 

Police Citizen ratio 1:430 (2006. Library of Congress, Country Profile)

Please find a list of all documents in our database relevant to Nigeria. Use the checkbox next to each line to expand more detail about the file, including the option to download.

Category Date Title Detail
Publications 2004 Memorandum to the Presidential Panel on Reform in Nigeria
Description: "A number of factors have been identified for the less than tidy public image and performance of the police. These include inadequate funding, military incursion in the governance process of our country, poor condition of service, welfare and logistics. Understanding these factors and dealing with them will go a long way in addressing efficiency and effectiveness deficits in the Nigeria Police Force. However, they would not by themselves alone solve the problem. There will still be the need to constantly review laws, polices, procedures, practices and organizational culture that impede police optimal performance and accountability. The focus of this memorandum is therefore on these salient issues that do not make headlines in the newspapers but are nonetheless very germane in changing organizational behaviors that impede progress. This presentation draws heavily from CLEEN Foundations studies and pilot projects on the police and policing reform in Nigeria in the last eights and will be summarized under six subheads." Extract from introduction
Author: Chukwuma, I
Publisher: Lagos: CLEEN
Source: http://www.cleen.org/MEMORANDUM%20to%20presidential%20panel.pdf
Publications 2005 'Obstacles to Effective Policing in Nigeria'
Description: "This paper traces the history of colonial social control and Policing in Nigeria, and also reviews the literature and examines how colonialism demonized, discredited, and supplanted the traditional system of policing. It establishes that in place of the old (traditional) system, colonialism imposed a new (but alien) militarized policing geared toward the colonial needs of political oppression and economic exploitation without regard to the needs of the colonized. The post–colonial state was thus bequeathed a corrupt police system that fails to cater to the needs of the people. This unfortunate development explains the emergence of ethnic armies in the face of corrupt and insensitive national police".
Author: Onyeozili, E.
Journal: African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies 1(1): 32-54.
Source: http://www.umes.edu/cms300uploadedFiles/AJCJS/acjavol1no1onyeozili.pdf
Publications 2001 Nigeria. JOS: A City Torn Apart
Description: A review of the factors contributing to inter–ethnic violence in Jos, and police responses thereto.
Author: Human Rights Watch
Publisher: New York: Human Rights Watch
Source: http://www.hrw.org/reports/2001/nigeria/
Publications 2007 'Factors vitiating against the effectiveness of the Nigeria Police in combating the criminal exploitation of children and women'
Description: It is estimated that each year close to one million persons are trafficked across international borders. Nigeria has been identified as a major source, destination, and transit for the trafficking of persons, particularly women and children. The women are trafficked mostly to Europe and the Middle East, as well as to North America for the purposes of sexual exploitation. Children are trafficked within Africa and other parts of the world for the purposes of adoption, for domestic and agricultural labor, and for sale of human body parts. Efforts by the government of Nigeria (including enacting new laws, strengthening existing laws and other social control mechanisms, and collaborating with other countries) to combat trafficking and the sale of humans have not yielded appreciable results. Several factors (inadequate policing, corruption within the policing system, relative deprivation of freedoms, mounting social injustices, lack of conventional social opportunities, increasing conflicting social values, gender imbalances in the provision of education and economic opportunities, and the breakdown of social institutions) cause this impasse.

Extract from article
Author: Elechi, O. et al
Journal: African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies 3 (1)
Source: http://www.umes.edu/WorkArea/showcontent.aspx?id=8822
Publications 2005 'Colonialism, State and Policing in Nigeria'
Description: "Police forces in Nigeria have been variously described as corrupt, oppressive and subservient to the whims and caprices of the government of the day. This paper analyses the development of police forces in Nigeria since the era of British colonial domination in the country. Police corruption and repression in Nigeria is analyzed in the context of the wider political and socioeconomic structures and dynamics in the country". Abstract only available online. Subscription needed.
Author: Alemika, E.
Journal: Crime, Law and Social Change 20(3): 187-219
Source: http://www.springerlink.com/content/l14073557l101p3m
Publications 2005 Rest in Pieces Police Torture and Deaths in Custody in Nigeria.
Description: A comprehensive overview of the Nigerian Police and their complicity in human rights abuses at the time of writing.
Author: Human Rights Watch
Publisher: New York: Human Rights Watch
Source: http://hrw.org/reports/2005/nigeria0705/index.htm
Publications 2003 Analysis of Police and Policing in Nigeria
Description: A desk study on the role of policing as a barrier to change or driver of change in Nigeria, prepared for the Dept for International Development (DFID)
Author: Alemika, E.O and Chukwuma, I.C.
Publisher: Lagos: CLEEN
Source: http://www.cleen.org/policing.%20driver%20of%20change.pdf
Publications 2000 Police-Community Violence in Nigeria
Description: This study examines police community violence in Nigeria, which is one of the critical socio–political problems in the country. Two dimensions of police violence are considered. These are the use of violence against citizens by the police and citizen´s violence against the police.
Author: Alemika, E & Chukwuma, I
Publisher: Lagos: CLEEN and National Human Rights Commission
Source: http://www.cleen.org/police-violence.pdf
Publications --- CLEEN publications
Description: CLEEN has many online publications and "promotes public safety, security and justice through empirical research, advocacy, demonstration programmes and publications in partnership with government and civil society".
Publisher: CLEEN
Source: www.cleen.org
Publications 2005 'Performance Evaluation of the Nigerian Police in Crime Prevention in Urban Centres'
Description: This study is essentially directed at appraising the performance of the Nigerian police force in its efforts at preventing crimes in Nigerian cities. Tthe study found that the rate of crimes in Nigeria is quite alarming and some of the police officers abet crimes and criminals. Based on the findings of the studyrecommendations are made.

Extract from Abstract.
Author: Aluyor G.B.O.
Journal: Journal of Land Use and Development Studies 1 (1)
Source: http://www.journalanduse.com/Papers/Volume%201/PERFORMANCE%20EVALUATION%20OF%20THE%20NIGERIAN%20POLICE%20IN%20CRIME%20PREVENTION.pdf

 

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